selenium+headless chrome爬虫的实现示例
python爬虫写起来非常快，虽然也可以用java，但是没有python来的简洁迅速
selenium在前面总结过，是一个自动化测试库。headlesschrome是无界面的浏览器模式，和PHANTOMJS类似。但是PHANTOMJS往往会出现莫名的错误，而且速度没有headlesschrome快
fromselenium.webdriver.chrome.optionsimportOptions
globalDRIVER
chrome_options=Options()
chrome_options.add_argument('--headless')
chrome_options.add_argument('--disable-gpu')
DRIVER=webdriver.Chrome(chrome_options=chrome_options)
爬虫的代码有一点需要注意，需要操作事件的时候最好不要直接用相应的方法，比如click。最好嵌入js脚本的方式进行调用。因为爬虫的代码执行速度很快，前端元素结构往往反应不过来，从而找出元素不可见或者不存在的错误。
province_items=DRIVER.find_element_by_class_name("city-province").find_elements_by_tag_name("a")
#province_item.click()
DRIVER.execute_script('arguments[0].click();',province_item)
下面来个例子，由于做电商平台，省、市、区的数据很好找，但是没有镇、街道的信息。这里通过爬虫从淘宝网将镇，街道的信息抓取下来
#!/usr/local/bin/python
#encoding:utf-8
'''
Createdon2018年1月5日
@author:wulinfeng
@date:2018-1-5
'''
importtime
#importrequest
fromseleniumimportwebdriver
#fromselenium.webdriver.common.desired_capabilitiesimportDesiredCapabilities
fromselenium.webdriver.chrome.optionsimportOptions
importpymysql
definit_db():
globalCONNECTION
CONNECTION=pymysql.connect("地址","用户名","密码","数据库",use_unicode=True,charset="utf8")
definit_web_driver():
globalDRIVER
#DRIVER=webdriver.PhantomJS(executable_path='C:\phantomjs-1.9.2-windows\phantomjs.exe')
#DRIVER.set_window_size(1920,1080)
'''
dcap=dict(DesiredCapabilities.PHANTOMJS)
dcap["phantomjs.page.settings.userAgent"]=(
"Mozilla/5.0(WindowsNT6.3;WOW64)AppleWebKit/537.36"
"(KHTML,likeGecko)Chrome/53.0.2785.116Safari/537.36"
)
dcap["phantomjs.page.settings.viewportSize"]=(
"width:1920,"
"height:1080"
)
DRIVER=webdriver.PhantomJS(executable_path='C:\phantomjs-1.9.2-windows\phantomjs.exe',desired_capabilities=dcap)
DRIVER.set_window_size(1920,1080)
'''
chrome_options=Options()
chrome_options.add_argument('--headless')
chrome_options.add_argument('--disable-gpu')
DRIVER=webdriver.Chrome(chrome_options=chrome_options)
#DRIVER=webdriver.Ie()
#DRIVER=webdriver.Chrome()
defclose_db():
CONNECTION.close()
defclose_web_driver():
DRIVER.quit()
deflogin_taobao(username,password):
DRIVER.get("https://member1.taobao.com/member/fresh/deliver_address.htm?spm=a1z08.2.0.0.7dad47611Wnj46")
#DRIVER.get("https://login.taobao.com/member/login.jhtml?spm=a21bo.2017.201864-2.d1.7d2082a4FxukGr&f=top&redirectURL=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.taobao.com%2F")
#选择登陆方式
DRIVER.find_element_by_xpath("//*[@id=\"J_Quick2Static\"]").click()
#登陆
input_user=DRIVER.find_element_by_xpath("//*[@id=\"TPL_username_1\"]")
input_user.clear()
input_user.send_keys(username)
DRIVER.find_element_by_xpath("//*[@id=\"TPL_password_1\"]").send_keys(password)
DRIVER.find_element_by_xpath("//*[@id=\"J_SubmitStatic\"]").click();
time.sleep(0.5)
defget_data():
#点击地址选择
#DRIVER.find_element_by_xpath("//*[@id=\"city-title\"]").click()
city_title=DRIVER.find_element_by_id("city-title")
DRIVER.execute_script('arguments[0].click();',city_title)
get_province_and_sub()
defget_province_and_sub():
#获得省列表
province_items=DRIVER.find_element_by_class_name("city-province").find_elements_by_tag_name("a")
forprovince_iteminprovince_items:
pid=province_item.get_attribute("attr-id");
pname=province_item.get_attribute("title");
ifpid=="-1":
print("continueprovince")
continue
sql="insertintoregion_province_t(province_id,province)values('"+pid+"','"+pname+"')"
print(sql)
cursor=CONNECTION.cursor()
cursor.execute(sql)
CONNECTION.commit()
#province_item.click()
DRIVER.execute_script('arguments[0].click();',province_item)
time.sleep(0.5)
get_city_and_sub(pid)
back_tab(0)
defget_city_and_sub(pid):
#获得市列表
city_items=DRIVER.find_element_by_class_name("city-city").find_elements_by_tag_name("a")
forcity_itemincity_items:
cid=city_item.get_attribute("attr-id");
cname=city_item.get_attribute("title");
ifcid=="-1":
print("continuecity")
continue
sql="insertintoregion_city_t(city_id,city,province_id)values('"+cid+"','"+cname+"','"+pid+"')"
print(sql)
cursor=CONNECTION.cursor()
cursor.execute(sql)
CONNECTION.commit()
#city_item.click()
DRIVER.execute_script('arguments[0].click();',city_item)
time.sleep(1)
get_area_and_sub(cid)
back_tab(1)
defget_area_and_sub(cid):
#获得县区列表
area_items=DRIVER.find_element_by_class_name("city-district").find_elements_by_tag_name("a")
forarea_iteminarea_items:
aid=area_item.get_attribute("attr-id");
aname=area_item.get_attribute("title");
ifaid=="-1":
print("continuearea")
continue
sql="insertintoregion_area_t(area_id,area,city_id)values('"+aid+"','"+aname+"','"+cid+"')"
print(sql)
cursor=CONNECTION.cursor()
cursor.execute(sql)
CONNECTION.commit()
#area_item.click()
DRIVER.execute_script('arguments[0].click();',area_item)
time.sleep(0.5)
get_town_and_sub(aid)
back_tab(2)
defget_town_and_sub(aid):
#获得镇列表
town_items=DRIVER.find_element_by_class_name("city-street").find_elements_by_tag_name("a")
fortown_itemintown_items:
tid=town_item.get_attribute("attr-id");
tname=town_item.get_attribute("title");
iftid=="-1":
print("continuetown")
continue
sql="insertintoregion_town_t(town_id,town,area_id)values('"+tid+"','"+tname+"','"+aid+"')"
print(sql)
cursor=CONNECTION.cursor()
cursor.execute(sql)
CONNECTION.commit()
defback_tab(index):
districtEle=DRIVER.find_element_by_class_name("city-select-tab").find_elements_by_tag_name("a")[index]
DRIVER.execute_script('arguments[0].click();',districtEle)
time.sleep(0.5)
init_db()
init_web_driver()
login_taobao("用户名","密码")
get_data()
close_db()
close_web_driver()
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