了解如何在Linux中查找并列出最近修改的文件
您正在处理数千个文件吗？您是否忘记了Linux中最近修改的文档？但是知道这些文件的保存位置。然后，本文供您识别并列出Linux中最近修改的记录。
使用查找命令
以下命令有助于以相反的更新时间顺序识别排序的文件-
$ find /etc -type f -printf '%TY-%Tm-%Td %TT %p\n' | sort -r
样本输出应如下所示–
2016-12-22 11:10:18.2928833250 /etc/cups/subscriptions.conf 2016-12-22 11:09:18.1987314780 /etc/cups/subscriptions.conf.O 2016-12-20 10:38:47.1524556320 /etc/init.d/.depend.stop 2016-12-20 10:38:47.1524556320 /etc/init.d/.depend.start 2016-12-20 10:38:47.1524556320 /etc/init.d/.depend.boot 2016-12-19 13:28:14.3963910250 /etc/ld.so.cache 2016-12-19 13:28:05.8242856890 /etc/mailcap 2016-12-19 13:24:12.4493955340 /etc/apt/sources.list.d/rvm-ubuntu-smplayer-xenial.list 2016-12-19 13:24:12.4493955340 /etc/apt/sources.list.d/google-chrome.list 2016-12-19 13:24:12.4493955340 /etc/apt/sources.list 2016-12-19 13:24:12.4413954340 /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/rvm_ubuntu_smplayer.gpg .....................................................................................
如果要查找特定时间段的更改文件，请使用以下命令-
$ find -cmin -5
上面的命令给出了最后5分钟内更改的文件状态的结果。样本输出应如下所示–
./.config/google-chrome ./.config/google-chrome/Local State ./.config/google-chrome/Default ./.config/google-chrome/Default/Cookies ./.config/google-chrome/Default/Service Worker/ScriptCache/index-dir ./.config/google-chrome/Default/Service Worker/ScriptCache/index-dir/the-real-index ./.config/google-chrome/Default/Current Session ./.config/google-chrome/Default/Cookies-journal ./.config/google-chrome/Default/Extension State/000006.log ./.config/google-chrome/Default/History-journal ./.config/google-chrome/Default/Local Storage/chrome-extension_gighmmpiobklfepjocnamgkkbiglidom_0.localstorage ./.config/google-chrome/Default/Local Storage/https_plus.google.com_0.localstorage-journal ./.config/google-chrome/Default/Local Storage/chrome-extension_gighmmpiobklfepjocnamgkkbiglidom_0.localstorage-journal ./.config/google-chrome/Default/Local Storage/https_plus.google.com_0.localstorage ./.config/google-chrome/Default/Preferences ./.config/google-chrome/Default/Local Extension Settings/gighmmpiobklfepjocnamgkkbiglidom/000085.log ./.config/google-chrome/Default/Session Storage ./.config/google-chrome/Default/Session Storage/LOG ./.config/google-chrome/Default/Session Storage/MANIFEST-000001 ./.config/google-chrome/Default/Session Storage/000471.log ./.config/google-chrome/Default/Session Storage/000472.ldb ./.config/google-chrome/Default/Extension Activity .........................................................................
使用ls命令
使用此命令，我们可以找到最后更改的文件，如下所示–
$ stat --printf="%y %n\n" $(ls -tr $(find * -type f))
样本输出应如下所示–
2010-03-03 01:16:33.000000000 +0530 lohit_te.ttf 2016-12-16 17:50:29.791969567 +0530 examples.desktop 2016-12-19 10:43:35.372620496 +0530 Pictures/flash.png 2016-12-19 10:59:25.275474607 +0530 Pictures/flash1.png 2016-12-19 11:27:20.234186900 +0530 httpstat.py 2016-12-19 12:32:39.819805672 +0530 Downloads/ttf-telugu-fonts_0.5.11ubuntu1_all.deb 2016-12-19 13:29:33.365359204 +0530 Pictures/smplayer.png 2016-12-19 13:53:39.907705833 +0530 Downloads/girl.jpg 2016-12-20 11:32:39.271477881 +0530 Downloads/200x200.jpg 2016-12-20 12:25:55.015482441 +0530 Downloads/hockey.jpg 2016-12-20 13:56:19.596432236 +0530 Downloads/flash-player-ubuntu.jpg 2016-12-20 14:40:41.191776867 +0530 Downloads/jabrdasth.jpg 2016-12-22 10:22:42.529763492 +0530 Videos/httpstat.py 2016-12-22 10:32:30.249527866 +0530 abc 2016-12-22 10:34:46.671286096 +0530 Music/httpstat.py 2016-12-22 10:34:46.675286130 +0530 Desktop/httpstat.py 2016-12-22 12:04:14.713113283 +0530 Downloads/SMPlayer.jpg 2016-12-22 12:05:19.310933827 +0530 Downloads/rsz_smplayer.jpg
要获取已更改目录的列表，请使用以下命令–
$ ls -ltc
样本输出应如下所示–
drwxr-xr-x 2 nhooo nhooo 4096 Dec 22 12:05 Downloads drwxr-xr-x 2 nhooo nhooo 4096 Dec 22 10:34 Desktop drwxr-xr-x 2 nhooo nhooo 4096 Dec 22 10:34 Music -rw-rw-r-- 1 nhooo nhooo 0 Dec 22 10:32 abc drwxr-xr-x 2 nhooo nhooo 4096 Dec 22 10:22 Videos -rw-rw-r-- 1 nhooo nhooo 155368 Dec 19 14:55 lohit_te.ttf drwxr-xr-x 3 nhooo nhooo 4096 Dec 19 13:29 Pictures -rw-rw-r-- 1 nhooo nhooo 10577 Dec 19 11:27 httpstat.py drwxr-xr-x 2 nhooo nhooo 4096 Dec 16 19:03 Documents drwxr-xr-x 2 nhooo nhooo 4096 Dec 16 19:03 Public drwxr-xr-x 2 nhooo nhooo 4096 Dec 16 19:03 Templates -rw-r--r-- 1 nhooo nhooo 8980 Dec 16 17:50 examples.desktop
与Python命令一起使用
要使用python使用Linux获取最近修改的文件列表，请使用以下命令-
$ find . -type f -print |
> python -c 'import os, sys; times = {}
> for f in sys.stdin.readlines(): f = f[0:-1]; times[f] = os.stat(f).st_mtime
> for f in sorted(times.iterkeys(), key=lambda f:times[f]): print f'样本输出应如下所示–
./.cache/google-chrome/Default/Cache/28b4d5c73382c76e_0 ./.cache/google-chrome/Default/Cache/47603dda53f4eff9_0 ./.cache/google-chrome/Default/Cache/628cf2914597e226_0 ./.cache/google-chrome/Default/Cache/6abab0fdc6e1b757_0 ./.cache/google-chrome/Default/Cache/edc5a146f72fc62a_1 ./.cache/google-chrome/Default/Cache/e21f7099ce14a183_0 ./.cache/google-chrome/Default/Cache/954cd78918e0ef94_1 ./.cache/google-chrome/Default/Cache/66966ca01a40cbea_1 ./.cache/google-chrome/Default/Cache/e53fd0655371a5dd_0 ./.cache/google-chrome/Default/Cache/e81e30e428358e80_0 ./.cache/google-chrome/Default/Cache/787db5079efa9083_0 ./.cache/google-chrome/Default/Cache/17340f80011e77a5_1 ./.cache/google-chrome/Default/Cache/a82652595e2c24a1_1 ./.cache/google-chrome/Default/Cache/3061c4bd90e582ca_1 ./.cache/google-chrome/Default/Cache/5dc7329ed9c947e5_1 ./.cache/google-chrome/Default/Cache/54346d971accf6ee_1 ..............................................................................................
在本文之后，您将能够学习如何在Linux中查找和列出最近修改的文件。在我们的下一篇文章中，我们将提供更多基于Linux的技巧和窍门。继续阅读！