如何在Ubuntu 16.04上安装和设置Sphinx
在本文中，我们将学习如何在Ubunt16.04上安装和设置Sphinx，Sphinx是一个开放源代码搜索引擎，它可以进行完整的测试搜索，并且最适合于非常有效地对海量数据进行搜索，而这些数据可能来自任何来源（例如-SQL数据库，纯文本文件等）
狮身人面像的功能
高级索引和良好的查询工具。
高搜索性能和索引。
推进结果以进行后处理。
通过高级搜索可轻松扩展。
可以与SQL和XML源集成。
可以扩展以处理具有1000个查询的海量数据。
先决条件
在开始之前，我们需要一些先决条件。
我们需要一台具有非root用户且对它具有sudo权限的Ubuntu计算机。
在机器上安装了MySQL。
在机器上安装Sphinx
我们可以使用apt-get使用Ubuntu的本机软件包存储库直接安装Sphinx，以下是安装Sphinx的命令。
$ sudo apt-get install sphinxsearch Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done The following additional packages will be installed: libmysqlclient20 libstemmer0d The following NEW packages will be installed: libmysqlclient20 libstemmer0d sphinxsearch 0 upgraded, 3 newly installed, 0 to remove and 92 not upgraded. Need to get 2,608 kB of archives. After this operation, 20.5 MB of additional disk space will be used. Do you want to continue? [Y/n] y Get:1 http://in.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntuxenial/universe amd64 libstemmer0d amd 64 0+svn585-1 [62.1 kB] Get:2 http://in.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntuxenial-updates/main amd64 libmysqlclie nt20 amd64 5.7.15-0ubuntu0.16.04.1 [809 kB] Get:3 http://in.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial/universe amd64 sphinxsearch amd 64 2.2.9-1build1 [1,737 kB] Fetched 2,608 kB in 2s (986 kB/s) Selecting previously unselected package libstemmer0d:amd64. (Reading database ... 117542 files and directories currently installed.) Preparing to unpack .../libstemmer0d_0+svn585-1_amd64.deb ... Unpacking libstemmer0d:amd64 (0+svn585-1) ... Selecting previously unselected package libmysqlclient20:amd64. Preparing to unpack .../libmysqlclient20_5.7.15-0ubuntu0.16.04.1_amd64.deb ... Unpacking libmysqlclient20:amd64 (5.7.15-0ubuntu0.16.04.1) ... Selecting previously unselected package sphinxsearch. Preparing to unpack .../sphinxsearch_2.2.9-1build1_amd64.deb ... Unpacking sphinxsearch (2.2.9-1build1) ... Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.23-0ubuntu3) ... Processing triggers for ureadahead (0.100.0-19) ... Processing triggers for systemd (229-4ubuntu4) ... Setting up libstemmer0d:amd64 (0+svn585-1) ... Setting up libmysqlclient20:amd64 (5.7.15-0ubuntu0.16.04.1) ... Setting up sphinxsearch (2.2.9-1build1) ... Adding system user `sphinxsearch' (UID 119) ... Adding new group `sphinxsearch' (GID 125) ... Adding new user `sphinxsearch' (UID 119) with group `sphinxsearch' ... Not creating home directory `/var/run/sphinxsearch'. Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.23-0ubuntu3) ... Processing triggers for ureadahead (0.100.0-19) ... Processing triggers for systemd (229-4ubuntu4) ...
为Sphinx创建测试数据库
现在，我们必须使用默认情况下随包提供的示例数据创建一个测试数据库，这将允许您在以后的步骤中测试Sphinx搜索。
让我们登录到MySQL，在其中我们将创建测试数据库并导入示例数据库。
$ mysql –u root –p mysql> create database test; mysql> SOURCE /etc/sphinxsearch/example.sql; Records: 4 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0 Records: 10 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0 Mysql> quit
配置狮身人面像进行搜索
在Sphinx中，我们需要编辑和配置3个主要块以适应定义了诸如索引，搜索和源之类的基本环境，这些块位于配置文件sphinx.conf中，该文件位于/etc/sphinxsearch/sphinx。conf.sample文件，我们需要将现有的示例配置文件复制到/etc/sphinxsearch文件夹中
$ cp /etc/sphinxsearch/sphinx.conf.sample /etc/sphinxsearch/sphinx.conf $ sudo vi /etc/sphoxsearch/sphinx.conf
配置文件应如下图所示
sphinx.conf中的源代码块
source src1
{
type = mysql
#SQL settings (for ‘mysql’ and ‘pgsql’ types)
sql_host = localhost
sql_user = roo
tsql_pass = ubuntu
sql_db = test
sql_port = 3306 # optional, default is 3306
sql_query = \
SELECT id, group_id, UNIX_TIMESTAMP(date_added) AS date_added, title, content \
FROM documents
sql_attr_uint = group_id
sql_attr_timestamp = date_added
}sphinx.conf中的索引块
index test
{
source = src1
path = /var/lib/sphinxsearch/data/test
docinfo = extern
}
Searchd block in sphinx.conf
searchd
{
listen = 9312:sphinx #SphinxAPI port
listen = 9306:mysql41 #SphinxQL port
log = /var/log/sphinxsearch/searchd.log
query_log = /var/log/sphinxsearch/testquery.log
read_timeout = 5
max_children = 30
pid_file = /var/run/sphinxsearch/testsearchd.pid
seamless_rotate = 1
preopen_indexes = 1
unlink_old = 1
binlog_path = /var/lib/sphinxsearch/datatest
}一次，我们编辑索引狮身人面像所需的配置。
在Sphinx上管理索引
在这里，我们将使用在先前步骤中编辑的配置文件建立索引
$ sudo indexer –all Sphinx 2.2.9-id64-release (rel22-r5006) Copyright (c) 2001-2015, Andrew Aksyonoff Copyright (c) 2008-2015, Sphinx Technologies Inc (http://sphinxsearch.com) using config file '/etc/sphinxsearch/sphinx.conf'... indexing index 'test'... collected 4 docs, 0.0 MB sorted 0.0 Mhits, 100.0% done total 4 docs, 193 bytes total 0.007 sec, 24319 bytes/sec, 504.03 docs/sec total 4 reads, 0.000 sec, 0.1 kb/call avg, 0.0 msec/call avg total 12 writes, 0.000 sec, 0.1 kb/call avg, 0.0 msec/call avg
在生产环境中，我们需要更新索引，因此我们将为此创建一个cronjob–
$ crontab –e
将以下内容添加到文件末尾。
# Edit this file to introduce tasks to be run by cron. # # Each task to run has to be defined through a single line # indicating with different fields when the task will be run # and what command to run for the task # # To define the time you can provide concrete values for # minute (m), hour (h), day of month (dom), month (mon), # and day of week (dow) or use '*' in these fields (for 'any').# # Notice that tasks will be started based on the cron's system # daemon's notion of time and timezones. # # Output of the crontab jobs (including errors) is sent through # email to the user the crontab file belongs to (unless redirected). # # For example, you can run a backup of all your user accounts # at 5 a.m every week with: # 0 5 * * 1 tar -zcf /var/backups/home.tgz /home/ # # For more information see the manual pages of crontab(5) and cron(8) # # m h dom mon dow command @hourly /usr/bin/indexer --rotate --config /etc/sphinxsearch/sphinx.conf –all
启动狮身人面像服务
当我们使用配置文件配置索引时，我们现在需要编辑Sphinx配置文件，默认情况下，Sphinx守护程序未启动，我们需要在此/etc/default/sphinxsearch中编辑文件
$ vi /etc/default/sphinxsearch # # Settings for the sphinxsearch searchd daemon # Please read /usr/share/doc/sphinxsearch/README.Debian for details. # # Should sphinxsearch run automatically on startup? (default: no) # Before doing this you might want to modify /etc/sphinxsearch/sphinx.conf # so that it works for you. START=yes
以下是为Sphinx守护程序加星标的命令
$ sudo systemctl restart sphinxsearch.services
重新启动sphinxsearch服务后，我们将使用以下命令检查状态
$ sudo systemctl status sphinxsearch.service sphinxsearch.service - LSB: Fast standalone full-text SQL search engine Loaded: loaded (/etc/init.d/sphinxsearch; bad; vendor preset: enabled) Active: active (exited) since Mon 2016-09-19 13:00:20 IST; 1h 10min ago Docs: man:systemd-sysv-generator(8) Tasks: 0 (limit: 512) Memory: 0B CPU: 0 Sep 19 13:00:20 ubuntu-16 systemd[1]: Starting LSB: Fast standalone full-text SQL search engine... Sep 19 13:00:20 ubuntu-16 sphinxsearch[7804]: To enable sphinxsearch, edit /etc/default/sphinxsearch and set START=ye Sep 19 13:00:20 ubuntu-16 systemd[1]: Started LSB: Fast standalone full-text SQL search engine.
测试狮身人面像搜索
现在，我们将使用MySQL接口，使用端口9306连接到SphinxQL。
$ mysql -h0 -P9306 Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 1 Server version: 2.2.9-id64-release (rel22-r5006) Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql>
在数据库中搜索单词“test”
mysql> SELECT * FROM test WHERE MATCH('test '); SHOW META;
+------+----------+------------+
| id | group_id | date_added |
+------+----------+------------+
| 1 | 1 | 1474272578 |
| 2 | 1 | 1474272578 |
| 4 | 2 | 1474272578 |
+------+----------+------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
+---------------+-------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------+-------+
| total | 3 |
| total_found | 3 |
| time | 0.000 |
| keyword[0] | test |
| docs[0] | 3 |
| hits[0] | 5 |
+---------------+-------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)通过设置和配置，我们可以将Sphinx配置为功能强大的搜索引擎，该引擎效率更高且可以处理大量数据，sphinx搜索可以处理数十亿个文档，并且可以处理TB级的数据，每个数据可以执行一千个搜索查询。第二。