如何找到R中矩阵值之间的距离？
在矩阵值之间找到距离意味着我们要找到距离矩阵，可以通过使用带有矩阵名称的dist函数直接找到它。例如，假设我们有一个大小为5x5的矩阵，名为M，那么距离矩阵可以计算为dist(M)。
例1
M1<−matrix(1:36,ncol=6) M1
输出结果
[,1] [,2] [,3] [,4] [,5] [,6] [1,] 1 7 13 19 25 31 [2,] 2 8 14 20 26 32 [3,] 3 9 15 21 27 33 [4,] 4 10 16 22 28 34 [5,] 5 11 17 23 29 35 [6,] 6 12 18 24 30 36 dist(M1) 1 2 3 4 5 2 2.449490 3 4.898979 2.449490 4 7.348469 4.898979 2.449490 5 9.797959 7.348469 4.898979 2.449490 6 12.247449 9.797959 7.348469 4.898979 2.449490
例2
M2<−matrix(rnorm(36,2,0.98),ncol=6) M2
输出结果
[,1] [,2] [,3] [,4] [,5] [,6] [1,] 0.30918719 2.10924445 2.290298 2.777059 2.4907988 1.687226 [2,] 3.38356559 -0.06665392 1.931708 2.293665 3.3287502 2.599893 [3,] 2.34493075 2.45465751 2.213626 2.902613 0.3604137 2.228618 [4,] 1.31512331 2.88142144 1.311969 4.426748 1.2890785 1.094872 [5,] -0.08505025 0.62849704 1.833984 2.217687 2.9674727 1.656955 [6,] 2.69655356 3.74480867 3.802174 2.370346 1.8752234 3.178781 dist(M2) 1 2 3 4 5 2 4.010451 3 3.019412 4.103040 4 2.661162 4.932451 2.554683 5 1.759912 3.680965 4.120252 3.914275 6 3.664620 4.577293 2.791483 4.215441 4.985454
例子3
M3<−matrix(rpois(64,10),ncol=8) M3
输出结果
[,1] [,2] [,3] [,4] [,5] [,6] [,7] [,8] [1,] 10 14 11 8 10 17 8 10 [2,] 8 9 7 11 15 13 16 12 [3,] 10 10 10 20 11 9 5 6 [4,] 10 11 4 9 10 6 7 13 [5,] 12 9 8 10 5 8 9 4 [6,] 12 10 15 10 11 6 9 16 [7,] 8 6 9 10 8 9 9 7 [8,] 17 10 12 6 9 9 9 11 dist(M3) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 2 12.767145 3 15.842980 16.852300 4 13.784049 13.304135 14.866069 5 13.601471 16.000000 12.884099 11.789826 6 14.106736 14.560220 15.937377 11.874342 15.297059 7 12.409674 12.369317 12.124356 10.392305 6.708204 12.922848 8 11.704700 15.297059 17.146428 11.874342 11.135529 9.380832 11.789826
例子4
M4<−matrix(sample(0:5,49,replace=TRUE),ncol=7) M4
输出结果
[,1] [,2] [,3] [,4] [,5] [,6] [,7] [1,] 0 1 4 2 2 2 2 [2,] 4 4 2 4 0 1 2 [3,] 3 0 5 5 2 5 5 [4,] 3 2 3 0 5 3 1 [5,] 2 2 3 4 5 5 3 [6,] 1 3 1 1 5 5 4 [7,] 1 5 4 4 2 2 1 dist(M4) 1 2 3 4 5 6 2 6.164414 3 6.164414 7.483315 4 5.099020 7.211103 7.874008 5 5.385165 7.141428 4.795832 5.000000 6 6.082763 8.062258 7.416198 4.795832 4.000000 7 4.690416 4.472136 7.483315 6.324555 5.744563 7.000000
范例5
M5<−matrix(sample(101:105,64,replace=TRUE),ncol=8) M5
输出结果
[,1] [,2] [,3] [,4] [,5] [,6] [,7] [,8] [1,] 105 104 103 103 104 105 103 105 [2,] 101 101 103 103 104 104 101 105 [3,] 102 103 101 103 101 101 102 104 [4,] 103 103 102 101 103 103 104 104 [5,] 102 102 101 104 102 101 104 101 [6,] 101 105 104 101 103 102 104 104 [7,] 103 105 101 104 104 104 101 101 [8,] 105 105 105 103 104 105 101 101 dist(M5) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 2 5.477226 3 6.403124 5.385165 4 4.123106 5.000000 4.242641 5 7.416198 6.708204 4.000000 5.099020 6 5.830952 6.000000 5.196152 3.605551 6.244998 7 5.567764 6.403124 5.830952 5.830952 5.656854 6.708204 8 5.000000 7.280110 8.000000 6.633250 8.000000 7.000000 4.690416