Linux下Docker安装和使用教程
Docker是一个开源的引擎，可以轻松的为任何应用创建一个轻量级的、可移植的、自给自足的容器。
开发者在笔记本上编译测试通过的容器可以批量地在生产环境中部署，包括VMs(虚拟机)、baremetal、OpenStack集群和其他的基础应用平台。
Docker的源代码全部是用Go语言写的。
一、基础环境
1、角色、ip、版本、内核
serverA10.1.10.2363.16.0-4-amd648.1docket
docket1.6.2
二、安装docter
1、添加源
echo"debhttp://http.debian.net/debianjessie-backportsmain">>/etc/apt/sources.list
2、更新源
apt-getupdate
3、安装docker.io包
apt-getinstalldocker.io Readingpackagelists...Done Buildingdependencytree Readingstateinformation...Done Thefollowingextrapackageswillbeinstalled: aufs-toolscgroupfs-mountgitgit-manlibapparmor1liberror-perllibnih-dbus1libnih1makedevmountallplymouth Suggestedpackages: btrfs-toolsdebootstraplxcrinsegit-daemon-rungit-daemon-sysvinitgit-docgit-elgit-emailgit-guigitkgitwebgit-archgit-cvsgit-mediawikigit-svndesktop-base plymouth-themes ThefollowingNEWpackageswillbeinstalled: aufs-toolscgroupfs-mountdocker.iogitgit-manlibapparmor1liberror-perllibnih-dbus1libnih1makedevmountallplymouth 0upgraded,12newlyinstalled,0toremoveand54notupgraded. Needtoget9,986kBofarchives. Afterthisoperation,47.2MBofadditionaldiskspacewillbeused. Doyouwanttocontinue?[Y/n]
4、查看版本
docker--version Dockerversion1.6.2,build7c8fca2
5、启动服务
/etc/init.d/dockerstart [ok]Startingdocker(viasystemctl):docker.service.
6、拉取debian和CentOS镜像
1)拉取debian镜像
dockerpulldebian latest:Pullingfromdebian 843e2bded498:Pullcomplete 8c00acfb0175:Pullcomplete debian:latest:Theimageyouarepullinghasbeenverified.Important:imageverificationisatechpreviewfeatureandshouldnotbereliedontoprovidesecurity. Digest:sha256:d9168a2c1889b4c9d44952a23065c29b0656237909d618328275f42065602354 Status:Downloadednewerimagefordebian:latest
2)拉取centos镜像
dockerpullcentos Pullingrepositorycentos 0f73ae75014f:Downloadcomplete 47d44cb6f252:Downloadcomplete f6f39725d938:Downloadcomplete f9a8cbc8dd13:Downloadcomplete f37e6a610a37:Downloadcomplete Status:Downloadednewerimageforcentos:latest
7、查看镜像
dockerimages REPOSITORYTAGIMAGEIDCREATEDVIRTUALSIZE debianlatest8c00acfb01753weeksago125.2MB centoslatest0f73ae75014f3weeksago172.3MB
8、运行名为debian镜像的容器(虚拟
dockerimages REPOSITORYTAGIMAGEIDCREATEDVIRTUALSIZE debianlatest8c00acfb01753weeksago125.2MB centoslatest0f73ae75014f3weeksago172.3MB
出1个debian系统)
1)运行debian镜像的容器
dockerrun-i-tdebian
2)查看版本
root@10.1.10.236:~#dockerrundebiancat/etc/debian_version 8.2
3)查看IP(是dhcp获得每次获得都不一样)
root@10.1.10.236:~#dockerrundebianip a 1:lo:<LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP>mtu65536qdiscnoqueuestateUNKNOWNgroupdefault link/loopback00:00:00:00:00:00brd00:00:00:00:00:00 inet127.0.0.1/8scopehostlo valid_lftforeverpreferred_lftforever inet6::1/128scopehost valid_lftforeverpreferred_lftforever 24:eth0:<NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,UP,LOWER_UP>mtu1500qdiscnoqueuestateDOWNgroupdefault link/ether02:42:ac:11:00:0bbrdff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet172.17.0.11/16scopeglobaleth0 valid_lftforeverpreferred_lftforever inet6fe80::42:acff:fe11:b/64scopelinktentative valid_lftforeverpreferred_lftforever
4)查看内核
root@10.1.10.236:~#dockerrundebianuname-r 3.16.0-4-amd64
5)查看硬盘分区情况
root@10.1.10.236:~#dockerrun-i-tdebiandf-Th FilesystemTypeSizeUsedAvailUse%Mountedon noneaufs9.1G1.6G7.1G18%/ tmpfstmpfs115M0115M0%/dev shmtmpfs64M064M0%/dev/shm /dev/sda1ext49.1G1.6G7.1G18%/etc/hosts
9、运行名为centos镜像的容器(虚拟出1个centos系统)
1)运行centos镜像的容器
dockerrun-i-tcentos
2)查看版本
root@10.1.10.236:~#dockerruncentoscat/etc/RedHat-release CentOSLinuxrelease7.1.1503(Core)
3)查看内核
root@10.1.10.236:~#dockerruncentosuname-r 3.16.0-4-amd64
4)查看ip
root@10.1.10.236:~#dockerruncentosipa 1:lo:<LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP>mtu65536qdiscnoqueuestateUNKNOWN link/loopback00:00:00:00:00:00brd00:00:00:00:00:00 inet127.0.0.1/8scopehostlo valid_lftforeverpreferred_lftforever inet6::1/128scopehost valid_lftforeverpreferred_lftforever 46:eth0:<NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,UP,LOWER_UP>mtu1500qdiscnoqueuestateDOWN link/ether02:42:ac:11:00:16brdff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet172.17.0.22/16scopeglobaleth0 valid_lftforeverpreferred_lftforever inet6fe80::42:acff:fe11:16/64scopelinktentative valid_lftforeverpreferred_lftforever
5)查看硬盘分区情况
root@10.1.10.236:~#dockerruncentosdf-Th FilesystemTypeSizeUsedAvailUse%Mountedon rootfsrootfs9.1G1.6G7.1G18%/ noneaufs9.1G1.6G7.1G18%/ tmpfstmpfs115M0115M0%/dev shmtmpfs64M064M0%/dev/shm /dev/sda1ext49.1G1.6G7.1G18%/etc/hosts tmpfstmpfs115M0115M0%/proc/kcore tmpfstmpfs115M0115M0%/proc/timer_stats
以上所述是小编给大家介绍的Linux下Docker安装和使用教程，希望对大家有所帮助，如果大家有任何疑问欢迎给我留言！