基于HttpClient在HTTP协议接口测试中的使用(详解)

2023-09-23 16:41:05 69

HTTP协议的接口测试中，使用到最多的就是GET请求与POST请求，其中POST请求有FORM参数提交请求与RAW请求，下面我将结合HttpClient来实现一下这三种形式：

一、GET请求:GET请求时，参数一般是写在链接上的，代码如下：

publicvoidget(Stringurl){
CloseableHttpClienthttpClient=null;
HttpGethttpGet=null;
try{
httpClient=HttpClients.createDefault();
RequestConfigrequestConfig=RequestConfig.custom().setSocketTimeout(20000).setConnectTimeout(20000).build();
httpGet=newHttpGet(url);
httpGet.setConfig(requestConfig);
CloseableHttpResponseresponse=httpClient.execute(httpGet);
HttpEntityhttpEntity=response.getEntity();
System.out.println(EntityUtils.toString(httpEntity,"utf-8"));
}catch(ClientProtocolExceptione){
e.printStackTrace();
}catch(IOExceptione){
e.printStackTrace();
}finally{
try{
if(httpGet!=null){
httpGet.releaseConnection();
}
if(httpClient!=null){
httpClient.close();
}
}catch(IOExceptione){
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}

如果想把参数不写在链接上，单独的传进去，则可以这样：

publicvoidget(Stringurl,Mapparams){
CloseableHttpClienthttpClient=null;
HttpGethttpGet=null;
try{
httpClient=HttpClients.createDefault();
RequestConfigrequestConfig=RequestConfig.custom().setSocketTimeout(20000).setConnectTimeout(20000).build();
Stringps="";
for(StringpKey:params.keySet()){
if(!"".equals(ps)){
ps=ps+"&";
}
ps=pKey+"="+params.get(pKey);
}
if(!"".equals(ps)){
url=url+"?"+ps;
}
httpGet=newHttpGet(url);
httpGet.setConfig(requestConfig);
CloseableHttpResponseresponse=httpClient.execute(httpGet);
HttpEntityhttpEntity=response.getEntity();
System.out.println(EntityUtils.toString(httpEntity,"utf-8"));
}catch(ClientProtocolExceptione){
e.printStackTrace();
}catch(IOExceptione){
e.printStackTrace();
}finally{
try{
if(httpGet!=null){
httpGet.releaseConnection();
}
if(httpClient!=null){
httpClient.close();
}
}catch(IOExceptione){
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}

二、POST请求的表单提交方式，代码如下：

publicvoidpost(Stringurl,Mapparams){
CloseableHttpClienthttpClient=null;
HttpPosthttpPost=null;
try{
httpClient=HttpClients.createDefault();
RequestConfigrequestConfig=RequestConfig.custom().setSocketTimeout(20000).setConnectTimeout(20000).build();
httpPost=newHttpPost(url);
httpPost.setConfig(requestConfig);
Listps=newArrayList();
for(StringpKey:params.keySet()){
ps.add(newBasicNameValuePair(pKey,params.get(pKey)));
}
httpPost.setEntity(newUrlEncodedFormEntity(ps));
CloseableHttpResponseresponse=httpClient.execute(httpPost);
HttpEntityhttpEntity=response.getEntity();
System.out.println(EntityUtils.toString(httpEntity,"utf-8"));
}catch(ClientProtocolExceptione){
e.printStackTrace();
}catch(IOExceptione){
e.printStackTrace();
}finally{
try{
if(httpPost!=null){
httpPost.releaseConnection();
}
if(httpClient!=null){
httpClient.close();
}
}catch(IOExceptione){
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}

三、POST请求的RAW参数传递：

publicvoidpost(Stringurl,Stringbody){
CloseableHttpClienthttpClient=null;
HttpPosthttpPost=null;
try{
httpClient=HttpClients.createDefault();
RequestConfigrequestConfig=RequestConfig.custom().setSocketTimeout(20000).setConnectTimeout(20000).build();
httpPost=newHttpPost(url);
httpPost.setConfig(requestConfig);
httpPost.setEntity(newStringEntity(body));
CloseableHttpResponseresponse=httpClient.execute(httpPost);
HttpEntityhttpEntity=response.getEntity();
System.out.println(EntityUtils.toString(httpEntity,"utf-8"));
}catch(ClientProtocolExceptione){
e.printStackTrace();
}catch(IOExceptione){
e.printStackTrace();
}finally{
try{
if(httpPost!=null){
httpPost.releaseConnection();
}
if(httpClient!=null){
httpClient.close();
}
}catch(IOExceptione){
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}

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基于HttpClient在HTTP协议接口测试中的使用(详解)

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