使用Docker Compose 实现nginx负载均衡的方法步骤
以Docker的网络管理，容器的IP设置为基础知识实现Nginx负载均衡
查看所有docker网络
dockernetworkls /* NETWORKIDNAMEDRIVERSCOPE b832b168ca9abridgebridgelocal 373be82d3a6acomposetest_defaultbridgelocal a360425082c4hosthostlocal 154f600f0e90nonenulllocal */ //composetest_default是上一篇介绍Compose时，docker-compose.yml文件所在的目录名， //所以，用docker-compose创建的容器会默认创建一个以目录名为网络名的网络，并且是dridge（桥接）类型
指定容器IP地址
官网文档地址：https://docs.docker.com/compose/compose-file/#ipv4_address-ipv6_address
继续编写上一篇《12.使用DockerCompose容器编排工具》文章中的docker-compose.yml
version:"3" services: web1: container_name:web1 image:"centos:httpd" ports: -"8080:80" privileged:true volumes: -"/app/www/web1/:/var/www/html/" command:['/usr/sbin/init'] networks: nginx-lsb: ipv4_address:192.169.0.3 web2: container_name:web2 image:"centos:httpd" ports: -"8081:80" privileged:true volumes: -"/app/www/web2/:/var/www/html/" command:['/usr/sbin/init'] networks: nginx-lsb: ipv4_address:192.169.0.2 networks: nginx-lsb: driver:bridge ipam: config: -subnet:192.169.0.0/16
使用docker-compose启动容器
docker-composeup-d
查看容器是否启动，并确认是否创建了网络nginx-lsb
//可以查看当前docker-compose.yml配置的容器组里的容器状态 docker-composeps dockernetworkls /* NETWORKIDNAMEDRIVERSCOPE b832b168ca9abridgebridgelocal 373be82d3a6acomposetest_defaultbridgelocal de6f5b8df1c8composetest_nginx-lsbbridgelocal a360425082c4hosthostlocal 154f600f0e90nonenulllocal */ //创建了nginx-lsb网络，命名是容器组项目的文件名开头_网络名
查看网络nginx-lsb的详情
dockernetworkinspectcomposetest_nginx-lsb
//详情里面可以看到使用这个网络的每个容器的ip
如：
/*
...
"Containers":{
"039aa860ef04f20a7566fdc943fb4398a61d2ad6dd3e373b17c86ac778af89e3":{
"Name":"web2",
"EndpointID":"1bc206661179e65999015f132c2889d3d4365b8d42b8a89cf9c260016fedd5ee",
"MacAddress":"02:42:c0:a9:00:02",
"IPv4Address":"192.169.0.2/16",
"IPv6Address":""
},
"437ad7a07da8e46c0abaf845c4b08425338009fbe972bde69478cf47c75c315b":{
"Name":"web1",
"EndpointID":"5a36e602a5364ee9ad06e9816d09e3966d56ebf06b9394ebc25b8bcee9546607",
"MacAddress":"02:42:c0:a9:00:03",
"IPv4Address":"192.169.0.3/16",
"IPv6Address":""
}
},
...
*/
使用env_file环境文件：
简单可以理解为：在docker-compose.yml中定义变量，引用在外部.env文件中进行变量定义
官方文档地址：https://docs.docker.com/compose/compose-file/#env_file
//还是在composetest目录中定义个.env文件，用来存放变量
web1_addr=192.169.0.2
web2_addr=192.169.0.3
//修改docker-compose.yml文件，加入变量定义
version:"3"
services:
web1:
container_name:web1
image:"centos:httpd"
ports:
-"8080:80"
privileged:true
volumes:
-"/app/www/web1/:/var/www/html/"
command:['/usr/sbin/init']
networks:
nginx-lsb:
ipv4_address:${web1_addr}
web2:
container_name:web2
image:"centos:httpd"
ports:
-"8081:80"
privileged:true
volumes:
-"/app/www/web2/:/var/www/html/"
command:['/usr/sbin/init']
networks:
nginx-lsb:
ipv4_address:${web2_addr}
networks:
nginx-lsb:
driver:bridge
ipam:
config:
-subnet:192.169.0.0/16
重新启动composetest项目，并查看网络详情，确认容器ip是否设置成功
//重新启动composetest项目 docker-composeup-d //查看网络详情 dockernetworkinspectcomposetest_nginx-lsb
在composetest项目中添加一台nginx服务器作为负载均衡服务器
//在.env文件里添加一个变量nginx_lsb
web1_addr=192.169.0.2
web2_addr=192.169.0.3
nginx_lsb=192.169.0.100
//修改docker-compose.yml文件，加入变量定义
version:"3"
services:
nginx-lsb:
container_name:nginx-lsb
image:"centos:nginx"
ports:
-"8000:80"
privileged:true
volumes:
-"/app/nginx/nginx.conf:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf"
networks:
nginx-lsb:
ipv4_address:${nginx_lsb}
web1:
container_name:web1
image:"centos:httpd"
ports:
-"8080:80"
privileged:true
volumes:
-"/app/www/web1/:/var/www/html/"
command:['/usr/sbin/init']
networks:
nginx-lsb:
ipv4_address:${web1_addr}
web2:
container_name:web2
image:"centos:httpd"
ports:
-"8081:80"
privileged:true
volumes:
-"/app/www/web2/:/var/www/html/"
command:['/usr/sbin/init']
networks:
nginx-lsb:
ipv4_address:${web2_addr}
networks:
nginx-lsb:
driver:bridge
ipam:
config:
-subnet:192.169.0.0/16
//重新启动composetest项目
docker-composeup-d
修改nginx.conf配置文件，配置负载均衡
upstreammydocker{
server192.169.0.2;
server192.169.0.3;
}
server{
listen80；
server_namemydocker;
location/{
proxy_set_headerHost$host;
proxy_set_headerX-Real-IP$remote_addr;
proxy_set_headerX-Forwarded-For$proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_bufferingoff;
proxy_passhttp://mydocker;
}
}
重新启动nginx-lsb，加载配置文件
docker-composerrestartnginx-lsb
访问http://服务器IP地址:8000，测试服务器负载均衡！
注意：上一篇已经在两台httpd服务器上放置了不同的web文件
以上就是本文的全部内容，希望对大家的学习有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持毛票票。