CentOS7.8安装mysql 8.0.20的教程详解

2023-07-25 09:58:08 80

一、安装mysql软件

下载并安装MySQL官方的 YumRepository,Mysql版本8.0.20

wget-i-c
http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql80-community-release-el7-3.noarch.rpm

下载后直接yum安装

yum-yinstallmysql80-community-release-el7-3.noarch.rpm

安装MySQL服务器

yum-yinstallmysql-community-server

[root@CentOSLinux]#yum-yinstallmysql-community-server
Loadedplugins:fastestmirror,langpacks
Loadingmirrorspeedsfromcachedhostfile
*base:mirror.lzu.edu.cn
*extras:mirror.lzu.edu.cn
*updates:mirror.lzu.edu.cn
mysql-connectors-community|2.5kB00:00:00
mysql-tools-community|2.5kB00:00:00
mysql80-community|2.5kB00:00:00
(1/3):mysql-connectors-community/x86_64/primary_db|57kB00:00:00
mysql-tools-community/x86_64/pFAILEDB00:51:07ETA
http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-tools-community/el/7/x86_64/repodata/12bd1e8730cd532791529877bf5e7babbbb02879-primary.sqlite.bz2:[Errno12]Timeoutonhttp://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-tools-community/el/7/x86_64/repodata/12bd1e8730cd532791529877bf5e7babbbb02879-primary.sqlite.bz2:(28,'Operationtooslow.Lessthan1000bytes/sectransferredthelast30seconds')
Tryingothermirror.
(2/3):mysql-tools-community/x86_64/primary_db|72kB00:00:00
mysql80-community/x86_64/primaFAILEDB00:00:15ETA
http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-8.0-community/el/7/x86_64/repodata/833c637b3989c2dd5a079a045177d2f1c96e9c1e-primary.sqlite.bz2:[Errno12]Timeoutonhttp://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-8.0-community/el/7/x86_64/repodata/833c637b3989c2dd5a079a045177d2f1c96e9c1e-primary.sqlite.bz2:(28,'Operationtooslow.Lessthan1000bytes/sectransferredthelast30seconds')
Tryingothermirror.
(3/3):mysql80-community/x86_64/primary_db|107kB00:00:00
ResolvingDependencies
-->Runningtransactioncheck
--->Packagemysql-community-server.x86_640:8.0.20-1.el7willbeinstalled
-->ProcessingDependency:mysql-community-common(x86-64)=8.0.20-1.el7forpackage:mysql-community-server-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64
-->ProcessingDependency:mysql-community-client(x86-64)>=8.0.11forpackage:mysql-community-server-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64
-->Runningtransactioncheck
--->Packagemysql-community-client.x86_640:8.0.20-1.el7willbeinstalled
-->ProcessingDependency:mysql-community-libs(x86-64)>=8.0.11forpackage:mysql-community-client-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64
--->Packagemysql-community-common.x86_640:8.0.20-1.el7willbeinstalled
-->Runningtransactioncheck
--->Packagemariadb-libs.x86_641:5.5.65-1.el7willbeobsoleted
-->ProcessingDependency:libmysqlclient.so.18()(64bit)forpackage:2:postfix-2.10.1-9.el7.x86_64
-->ProcessingDependency:libmysqlclient.so.18(libmysqlclient_18)(64bit)forpackage:2:postfix-2.10.1-9.el7.x86_64
--->Packagemysql-community-libs.x86_640:8.0.20-1.el7willbeobsoleting
-->Runningtransactioncheck
--->Packagemysql-community-libs-compat.x86_640:8.0.20-1.el7willbeobsoleting
-->FinishedDependencyResolution

DependenciesResolved

===============================================================================================
PackageArchVersionRepositorySize
===============================================================================================
Installing:
mysql-community-libsx86_648.0.20-1.el7mysql80-community4.5M
replacingmariadb-libs.x86_641:5.5.65-1.el7
mysql-community-libs-compatx86_648.0.20-1.el7mysql80-community1.2M
replacingmariadb-libs.x86_641:5.5.65-1.el7
mysql-community-serverx86_648.0.20-1.el7mysql80-community488M
Installingfordependencies:
mysql-community-clientx86_648.0.20-1.el7mysql80-community47M
mysql-community-commonx86_648.0.20-1.el7mysql80-community609k

TransactionSummary
===============================================================================================
Install3Packages(+2Dependentpackages)

Totaldownloadsize:541M
Isthisok[y/d/N]:y
Downloadingpackages:
warning:/var/cache/yum/x86_64/7/mysql80-community/packages/mysql-community-common-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm:HeaderV3DSA/SHA1Signature,keyID5072e1f5:NOKEY
Publickeyformysql-community-common-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpmisnotinstalled
(1/5):mysql-community-common-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm|609kB00:00:00
(2/5):mysql-community-libs-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm|4.5MB00:00:13
(3/5):mysql-community-libs-compat-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm|1.2MB00:00:04
mysql-community-client-8.0.20-FAILEDB00:22:23ETA
http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-8.0-community/el/7/x86_64/mysql-community-client-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm:[Errno12]Timeoutonhttp://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-8.0-community/el/7/x86_64/mysql-community-client-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm:(28,'Operationtooslow.Lessthan1000bytes/sectransferredthelast30seconds')
Tryingothermirror.
(4/5):mysql-community-server-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm|488MB00:22:18
(5/5):mysql-community-client-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm|47MB00:01:57
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total376kB/s|541MB00:24:34
Retrievingkeyfromfile:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql
ImportingGPGkey0x5072E1F5:
Userid:"MySQLReleaseEngineering"
Fingerprint:a4a9406876fcbd3c456770c88c718d3b5072e1f5
Package:mysql80-community-release-el7-3.noarch(installed)
From:/etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql
Isthisok[y/N]:y
Runningtransactioncheck
Runningtransactiontest
Transactiontestsucceeded
Runningtransaction
Warning:RPMDBalteredoutsideofyum.
Installing:mysql-community-common-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_641/6
Installing:mysql-community-libs-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_642/6
Installing:mysql-community-client-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_643/6
Installing:mysql-community-server-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_644/6
Installing:mysql-community-libs-compat-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_645/6
Erasing:1:mariadb-libs-5.5.65-1.el7.x86_646/6
Verifying:mysql-community-libs-compat-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_641/6
Verifying:mysql-community-common-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_642/6
Verifying:mysql-community-server-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_643/6
Verifying:mysql-community-client-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_644/6
Verifying:mysql-community-libs-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_645/6
Verifying:1:mariadb-libs-5.5.65-1.el7.x86_646/6

Installed:
mysql-community-libs.x86_640:8.0.20-1.el7
mysql-community-libs-compat.x86_640:8.0.20-1.el7
mysql-community-server.x86_640:8.0.20-1.el7

DependencyInstalled:
mysql-community-client.x86_640:8.0.20-1.el7mysql-community-common.x86_640:8.0.20-1.el7

Replaced:
mariadb-libs.x86_641:5.5.65-1.el7

Complete!

安装完成后就会覆盖掉之前的mariadb

二、配置Mysql数据库

启动MySQL

systemctlstartmysqld.service

查看MySQL运行状态

systemctlstatusmysqld.service

●mysqld.service-MySQLServer
Loaded:loaded(/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service;enabled;vendorpreset:disabled)
Active:active(running)sinceWed2020-05-1323:57:41HKT;18sago
Docs:man:mysqld(8)
http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
Process:9563ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/mysqld_pre_systemd(code=exited,status=0/SUCCESS)
MainPID:9649(mysqld)
Status:"Serverisoperational"
Tasks:39
CGroup:/system.slice/mysqld.service
└─9649/usr/sbin/mysqld

May1323:57:34CentOS.highning.comsystemd[1]:StartingMySQLServer...
May1323:57:41CentOS.highning.comsystemd[1]:StartedMySQLServer.

找出root初始密码

grep"password"/var/log/mysqld.log

2020-05-13T15:57:37.815353Z6[Note][MY-010454][Server]Atemporarypasswordisgeneratedforroot@localhost:9*CxxNRWHqmL

进入数据库：

mysql-uroot-p

输入密码（密码是上面查询到的,/wsw6gif;eH），此时不能操作数据库，必须修改密码之后才能操作数据库

ALTERUSER'root'@'localhost'IDENTIFIEDBY'newpassword';

其中‘newpassword'替换成你要设置的密码，注意:密码设置必须要大小写字母数字和特殊符号（,/';:等）,不然不能配置成功

三、开启mysql的远程访问

执行以下命令开启远程访问限制（注意：下面命令开启的IP是192.168.0.1，如要开启所有的，用%代替IP）,mysql8.0和以前的版本不一样，不能用原来的命令同时授权和创建用户：

createuser'root'@'192.168.0.1'identifiedby'password';
grantallprivilegeson*.*to'root'@'192.168.0.1'withgrantoption;

再输入以下两行命令

flushprivileges;
exit

四、为firewalld添加开放端口

添加mysql端口3306和Tomcat端口8080

firewall-cmd--zone=public--add-port=3306/tcp--permanent

firewall-cmd--zone=public--add-port=8080/tcp--permanent

重新载入

firewall-cmd--reload

最后在windows下用mysql命令登录

MicrosoftWindows[版本10.0.18363.778]
(c)2019MicrosoftCorporation。保留所有权利。

C:\Users\highning>mysql-h192.168.88.88-P3306-uroot-p
Enterpassword:********
WelcometotheMySQLmonitor.Commandsendwith;or\g.
YourMySQLconnectionidis10
Serverversion:8.0.20MySQLCommunityServer-GPL

Copyright(c)2000,2020,Oracleand/oritsaffiliates.Allrightsreserved.

OracleisaregisteredtrademarkofOracleCorporationand/orits
affiliates.Othernamesmaybetrademarksoftheirrespective
owners.

Type'help;'or'\h'forhelp.Type'\c'toclearthecurrentinputstatement.

mysql>showdatabases;
+--------------------+
|Database|
+--------------------+
|information_schema|
|mysql|
|performance_schema|
|sys|
+--------------------+
4rowsinset(0.00sec)

mysql>

修改密码安全策略，改为LOW，密码长度最小6位

mysql>SHOWVARIABLESLIKE'validate_password%';
+--------------------------------------+--------+
|Variable_name|Value|
+--------------------------------------+--------+
|validate_password.check_user_name|ON|
|validate_password.dictionary_file||
|validate_password.length|8|
|validate_password.mixed_case_count|1|
|validate_password.number_count|1|
|validate_password.policy|MEDIUM|
|validate_password.special_char_count|1|
+--------------------------------------+--------+
7rowsinset(0.00sec)

mysql>setglobalvalidate_password.policy=LOW;
QueryOK,0rowsaffected(0.00sec)

mysql>setglobalvalidate_password.length=6;
QueryOK,0rowsaffected(0.00sec)

mysql>SHOWVARIABLESLIKE'validate_password%';
+--------------------------------------+-------+
|Variable_name|Value|
+--------------------------------------+-------+
|validate_password.check_user_name|ON|
|validate_password.dictionary_file||
|validate_password.length|6|
|validate_password.mixed_case_count|1|
|validate_password.number_count|1|
|validate_password.policy|LOW|
|validate_password.special_char_count|1|
+--------------------------------------+-------+
7rowsinset(0.00sec)

关于mysql密码策略相关参数；

1）、validate_password.length 固定密码的总长度；

2）、validate_password_dictionary_file指定密码验证的文件路径；

3）、validate_password_mixed_case_count 整个密码中至少要包含大/小写字母的总个数；

4）、validate_password_number_count 整个密码中至少要包含阿拉伯数字的个数；

5）、validate_password.policy指定密码的强度验证等级，默认为MEDIUM；

6）、validate_password_special_char_count整个密码中至少要包含特殊字符的个数；

关于validate_password.policy的取值：

LOW：只验证长度；

MEDIUM：验证长度、数字、大小写、特殊字符；

STRONG：验证长度、数字、大小写、特殊字符、字典文件；

总结

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CentOS7.8安装mysql 8.0.20的教程详解

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