Python RabbitMQ实现简单的进程间通信示例
RabbitMQ 消息队列
PY
threadingQueue
进程Queue父进程与子进程,或同一父进程下的多个子进程进行交互
缺点:两个不同Python文件不能通过上面两个Queue进行交互
erlong
基于这个语言创建的一种中间商
win中需要先安装erlong才能使用
rabbitmq_serverstart
安装Pythonmodule
pipinstallpika
or
easy_installpika
or
源码
rabbit 默认端口15672
查看当前时刻的队列数
rabbitmqctl.batlist_queue
exchange
在定义的时候就是有类型的,决定到底哪些queue符合条件,可以接受消息
fanout:所有bind到此exchange的queue都可以收到消息
direct:通过routingkey和exchange决定唯一的queue可以接受消息
topic:所有符合routingkey(此时可以是一个表达式)的routingkey所bind的queue都可以接受消息
表达式符号说明:
#代表一个或多个字符 *代表任何字符
RPC
remoteprocedurecall 双向传输,指令<-------->指令执行结果
实现方法: 创建两个队列,一个队列收指令,一个队列发送执行结果
用rabbitmq实现简单的生产者消费者模型
1)rabbit_producer.py
#Author:Xuefeng importpika connection=pika.BlockingConnection(pika.Connection.Parameters( "localhost" )) #statementachannel channel=connection.channel() #createthequeue,thenameofqueueis"hello" #durable=Truecanmakethequeuebeexist,althoughtheservicehavestoppedbefore. channel.queue_declare(queue="hello",durable=True) #nRabbitMQamessagecanneverbesentdirectlytoqueue,italwaysneedtogothrough channel.basic_publish(exchange="", routing_key="hello", body="Helloworld!", properties=pika.BasicPropreties( delivery_mode=2,#makethemessagepersistence ) ) print("[x]sent'Helloworld!'") connection.close()
2)rabbit_consumer.py
#Author:Xuefeng importpika connection=pika.BlockingConnection(pika.Connection.Parameters( "localhost" )) #statementachannel channel=connection.channel() channel.queue_declare(queue="hello",durable=True) defcallback(ch,method,properties,body): ''' Handletherecieveddata :paramch:Theaddressofthechannel :parammethod:Informationabouttheconnection :paramproperties: :parambody: :return: ''' print("------>",ch,method,properties) print("[x]Recieved%r"%body) #ackbyourself ch.basic_ack(delivery_tag=method.delivery_tag) #followisforconsumertoautochangewiththeability channel.basic_qos(profetch_count=1) #no_ack=Truerepresentthatthemessagecannotbetransfortonextconsumer, #whenthecurrentconsumerisstopbyaccident. channel.basic_consume(callback,#Ifhaverecievedmessage,enablethecallback()functiontohandlethemessage. queue="hello", no_ack=True) print("[*]Waitingformessages.ToExitpressCTRL+C") channel.start_consuming()
用rabbitmq中的fanout模式实现广播模式
1)fanout_rabbit_publish.py
#Author:Xuefeng importpika importsys #广播模式: #生产者发送一条消息,所有的开通链接的消费者都可以接收到消息 connection=pika.BlockingConnection(pika.Connection.Parameters( "localhost" )) #statementachannel channel=connection.channel() channel.exchange_declare(exchange="logs", type="fanout") message=''.join(sys.argv[1:])or"info:Helloworld!" channel.basic_publish( exchange="logs", routing_key="", body=message ) print("[x]Send%r"%message) connection.close()
2)fanout_rabbit_consumer.py
#Author:Xuefeng importpika importsys connection=pika.BlockingConnection(pika.Connection.Parameters( "localhost" )) #statementachannel channel=connection.channel() #exclusive排他,唯一的随机生成queue result=channel.queue_declare(exclusive=True) queue_name=result.method.queue print("Randomqueuename:",queue_name) channel.queue_bind(exchange="logs", queue=queue_name) defcallback(ch,method,properties,body): ''' Handletherecieveddata :paramch:Theaddressofthechannel :parammethod:Informationabouttheconnection :paramproperties: :parambody: :return: ''' print("------>",ch,method,properties) print("[x]Recieved%r"%body) #ackbyourself ch.basic_ack(delivery_tag=method.delivery_tag) #no_ack=Truerepresentthatthemessagecannotbetransfortonextconsumer, #whenthecurrentconsumerisstopbyaccident. channel.basic_consume(callback,#Ifhaverecievedmessage,enablethecallback()functiontohandlethemessage. queue="hello", no_ack=True) print("[*]Waitingformessages.ToExitpressCTRL+C") channel.start_consuming()
用rabbitmq中的direct模式实现消息过滤模式
1)direct_rabbit_publisher.py
#Author:Xuefeng importpika importsys #消息过滤模式: #生产者发送一条消息,通过severity优先级来确定是否可以接收到消息 connection=pika.BlockingConnection(pika.Connection.Parameters( "localhost" )) #statementachannel channel=connection.channel() channel.exchange_declare(exchange="direct_logs", type="direct") severity=sys.argv[1]iflen(sys.argv)>1else"info" message=''.join(sys.argv[2:])or"info:Helloworld!" channel.basic_publish( exchange="direct_logs", routing_key=severity, body=message ) print("[x]Send%r:%r"%(severity,message)) connection.close()
2)direct_rabbit_consumer.py
#Author:Xuefeng importpika importsys connection=pika.BlockingConnection(pika.Connection.Parameters( "localhost" )) #statementachannel channel=connection.channel() channel.exchange_declare(exchange="direct_logs", type="direct") #exclusive排他,唯一的随机生成queue result=channel.queue_declare(exclusive=True) queue_name=result.method.queue print("Randomqueuename:",queue_name) severities=sys.argv[1:] ifnotseverities: sys.stderr.write("Usage:%s[info][warning][error]\n"%sys.argv[0]) sys.exit(1) forseverityinseverities: channel.queue_bind(exchange="direct_logs", queue=queue_name, routing_key=severity) defcallback(ch,method,properties,body): ''' Handletherecieveddata :paramch:Theaddressofthechannel :parammethod:Informationabouttheconnection :paramproperties: :parambody: :return: ''' print("------>",ch,method,properties) print("[x]Recieved%r"%body) #ackbyourself ch.basic_ack(delivery_tag=method.delivery_tag) #no_ack=Truerepresentthatthemessagecannotbetransfortonextconsumer, #whenthecurrentconsumerisstopbyaccident. channel.basic_consume(callback,#Ifhaverecievedmessage,enablethecallback()functiontohandlethemessage. queue="hello", no_ack=True) print("[*]Waitingformessages.ToExitpressCTRL+C") channel.start_consuming()
用rabbitmq中的topic模式实现细致消息过滤模式
1)topic_rabbit_publisher.py
#Author:Xuefeng importpika importsys #消息细致过滤模式: #生产者发送一条消息,通过运行脚本*.info等确定接收消息类型进行对应接收 connection=pika.BlockingConnection(pika.Connection.Parameters( "localhost" )) #statementachannel channel=connection.channel() channel.exchange_declare(exchange="topic_logs", type="topic") binding_key=sys.argv[1]iflen(sys.argv)>1else"info" message=''.join(sys.argv[2:])or"info:Helloworld!" channel.basic_publish( exchange="topic_logs", routing_key=binding_key, body=message ) print("[x]Send%r:%r"%(binding_key,message)) connection.close()
2)topic_rabbit_consumer.py
#Author:Xuefeng importpika importsys connection=pika.BlockingConnection(pika.Connection.Parameters( "localhost" )) #statementachannel channel=connection.channel() channel.exchange_declare(exchange="topic_logs", type="topic") #exclusive排他,唯一的随机生成queue result=channel.queue_declare(exclusive=True) queue_name=result.method.queue print("Randomqueuename:",queue_name) binding_keys=sys.argv[1:] ifnotbinding_keys: sys.stderr.write("Usage:%s[info][warning][error]\n"%sys.argv[0]) sys.exit(1) forbinding_keyinbinding_keys: channel.queue_bind(exchange="topic_logs", queue=queue_name, routing_key=binding_key) defcallback(ch,method,properties,body): ''' Handletherecieveddata :paramch:Theaddressofthechannel :parammethod:Informationabouttheconnection :paramproperties: :parambody: :return: ''' print("------>",ch,method,properties) print("[x]Recieved%r"%body) #ackbyourself ch.basic_ack(delivery_tag=method.delivery_tag) #no_ack=Truerepresentthatthemessagecannotbetransfortonextconsumer, #whenthecurrentconsumerisstopbyaccident. channel.basic_consume(callback,#Ifhaverecievedmessage,enablethecallback()functiontohandlethemessage. queue="hello", no_ack=True) print("[*]Waitingformessages.ToExitpressCTRL+C") channel.start_consuming()
用rabbitmq实现rpc操作
1)Rpc_rabbit_client.py
#Author:Xuefeng importpika importtime importuuid classFibonacciRpcClient(object): def__init__(self): self.connection=pika.BlockingConnection(pika.Connection.Parameters( "localhost")) self.channel=self.connection.channel() result=self.channel.queue_declare(exclusive=True) self.callback_queue=result.method.queue#随机的生成一个接收命令执行结果的队列 self.channel.basic_consume(self.on_response,#只要收到消息就调用 no_ack=True, queue=self.callback_queue) defon_response(self,ch,method,props,body): ifself.corr_id==props.correlation_id: self.response=body defcall(self,n): self.response=None self.corr_id=str(uuid.uuid4()) self.channel.basic_publish( exchange="", routing_key="rpc_queue", properties=pika.BasicPropreties( rely_to=self.callback_queue, correlation_id=self.corr_id#通过随机生成的ID来验证指令执行结果与指令的匹配性 ), body=str(n) ) whileself.responseisNone: self.connection.process_data_events()#非阻塞版的start_consume,有没有消息都继续 print("nomessage...") time.sleep(0.5) returnint(self.response) fibonacci_rcp=FibonacciRpcClient() print("[x]Requestingfib(30)") response=fibonacci_rcp.call(30) print("[x]Rec%r"%response)
2)Rpc_rabbit_server.py
#Author:Xuefeng importpika importsys connection=pika.BlockingConnection(pika.Connection.Parameters( "localhost" )) #statementachannel channel=connection.channel() channel.queue_declare(queue="rpc_queue") deffib(n): ifn==0: return0 elifn==1: return1 else: returnfib(n-1)+fib(n-2) defon_request(ch,method,props,body): n=int(body) print("[.]fib(%s)"%n) response=fib(n) ch.basic_publish( exchange="", routing_key=props.rely_to, properties=pika.BasicPropreties(correlation_id=\ props.correlation), body=str(body) ) ch.basic_ack(delivery_tag=method.delivery_tag) channel.basic_qos(prefetch_count=1) channel.basic_consume(on_request,queue="rpc_queue") print("[x]AwaitingRPCrequests") channel.start_consumeing() channel.exchange_declare(exchange="direct_logs", type="direct") #exclusive排他,唯一的随机生成queue result=channel.queue_declare(exclusive=True) queue_name=result.method.queue print("Randomqueuename:",queue_name) severities=sys.argv[1:]
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