Restful_framework视图组件代码实例解析
一、基本视图
写一个出版社的增删查改resful接口
要自己事先创建好django项目，并创建好表，添加完记录
路由：
url(r'^publish/$',views.PublishView.as_view()),
url(r'^publish/(?P\d+)/$',views.PublishDetailView.as_view()),
视图：
fromapiimportmodelsfromrest_frameworkimportserializersfromrest_framework.responseimportResponsefromrest_framework.viewsimportAPIView
classPublishSerializers(serializers.ModelSerializer):
classMeta:
model=models.Publish
fields='__all__'
classPublishView(APIView):
#查询出版社表中所有记录
defget(self,request):
publish_list=models.Publish.objects.all()
bs=PublishSerializers(publish_list,many=True)
#序列化数据
returnResponse(bs.data)#返回的结果是列表中套字典
defpost(self,request):
#添加一条数据
print(request.data)
bs=PublishSerializers(data=request.data)
ifbs.is_valid():
bs.save()#生成记录
returnResponse(bs.data)#返回的是添加成功记录的字典
else:
returnResponse(bs.errors)
classPublishDetailView(APIView):#查询某一条数据
defget(self,request,pk):
publish_obj=models.Publish.objects.filter(pk=pk).first()
bs=PublishSerializers(publish_obj,many=False)
returnResponse(bs.data)#更新某一条数据
defput(self,request,pk):
publish_obj=models.Publish.objects.filter(pk=pk).first()
bs=PublishSerializers(data=request.data,instance=publish_obj)
ifbs.is_valid():
bs.save()#update
returnResponse(bs.data)
else:
returnResponse(bs.errors)#删除某一条数据
defdelete(self,request,pk):
models.Publish.objects.filter(pk=pk).delete()
returnResponse("")
二、mixins类和generic类编写视图
路由：
url(r'^publishes$',views.Publish.as_view()),
url(r'^publish/(?P\d+)',views.PublishDetail.as_view()),
视图：
fromapiimportmodels fromrest_frameworkimportserializers fromrest_frameworkimportmixins fromrest_framework.genericsimportGenericAPIView classPublishSer(serializers.ModelSerializer): classMeta: model=models.Publish fields='__all__' classPublish(GenericAPIView,mixins.ListModelMixin,mixins.CreateModelMixin): queryset=models.Publish.objects.all() serializer_class=PublishSer defget(self,request): returnself.list(request)#在ListModelMixin下有一个list方法，返回的就是查询的结果:Response(serializer.data) defpost(self,request): returnself.create(request)#已经封装好了，帮我们做校验和序列化，返回的是添加成功的记录 classPublishDetail(GenericAPIView,mixins.DestroyModelMixin,mixins.RetrieveModelMixin,mixins.UpdateModelMixin): queryset=models.Publish.objects.all() serializer_class=PublishSer defget(self,request,*args,**kwargs): returnself.retrieve(request,*args,**kwargs) defput(self,request,*args,**kwargs): returnself.update(request,*args,**kwargs) defdelete(self,request,*args,**kwargs): returnself.destroy(request,*args,**kwargs)
三、使用generic下ListCreateAPIView和RetrieveUpdateDestroyAPIView
路由：
url(r'^publishes$',views.Publish.as_view()),
url(r'^publish/(?P\d+)',views.PublishDetail.as_view()),
视图：
fromapiimportmodels fromrest_frameworkimportmixins fromrest_framework.genericsimportGenericAPIView fromrest_framework.genericsimportListCreateAPIView,RetrieveUpdateDestroyAPIView fromrest_frameworkimportserializers classPublishser(serializers.ModelSerializer): classMeta: model=models.Publish fields='__all__' classPublish(ListCreateAPIView): queryset=models.Publish.objects.all() serializer_class=Publishser classPublishDetail(RetrieveUpdateDestroyAPIView): queryset=models.Publish.objects.all() serializer_class=Publishser
四、使用ModelViewSet
路由：
url(r'^publish$',views.Publish.as_view({'get':'list','post':'create'})),
url(r'^publish/(?P\d+)',views.Publish.as_view({'get':'retrieve','put':'update','delete':'destroy'})),
视图：
fromrest_framework.viewsetsimportModelViewSet fromapiimportmodels fromrest_frameworkimportserializers classPublishser(serializers.ModelSerializer): classMeta: model=models.Publish fields='__all__' classPublish(ModelViewSet): queryset=models.Publish.objects.all() serializer_class=Publishser
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